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Cambium layer Phloem Cork cambium Outer bark When growth stops for the winter, contrary to popular belief the tree's sap does not "go down into the roots, it stays right where it is, stored in every part except the leaves of deciduous (shedding) trees, which wither and break off at the stem ends, where buds remain for new leaves next year. In fiercely cold winters, the moisture in a tree's extremities and outer tegument may freeze, with consequent damage to the containing cells. Roots suffer most in winters of deep frost under a scant snow blanket. Twigs and branches get hurt and frost cracks may open on limbs and trunks during cold snaps that follow "false spring" thaws. But as a rule trees have the hardihood to withstand the rigors of their accustomed climate: their sap stays fluid and viable, and is there to restart growth—in many species to put out blossoms—before the new leaves appear. |
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